Assessment Feedback — Theme A: Living Together in the UK

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Correct. This is the specific document required by the mark scheme.Magna Carta

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Human rights are described as inalienable because they are globalised and we should always have them. This is because  1 mark awarded for a valid explanation. This shows understanding that rights cannot be taken away by a state or government.a country does not take away a right does not mean your rights dont exist.

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Public Services e.g trains hospitals or public transport

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Because of community cohesion. This is when

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1 mark awarded. This is a valid reason, as census data is used to plan funding for public services.To understand what to spend money in the country on.

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One impact is less available for public services. This is because there is less money in the country on the increased funding on public services. For example hospitals will need more funding or may even need new ones built but they are less

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1 mark awarded for a valid factor.Their gender  and  1 mark awarded for a second valid factor.religion/beliefs

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1 mark awarded for a clear definition of the term.Someone who has and is defined by multiple factors. 1 mark awarded for a clear and specific example that illustrates the definition. For example a black male who believes in Christianity.

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Correct. While the Act specifies 'sex' and 'gender reassignment', 'gender' is an acceptable answer at this level.Gender

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1 mark awarded for identifying a clear point (economic disadvantage).Discrimination could decrease the chances of someone getting a job an essential thing for life. 1 mark awarded for a well-developed explanation using a specific example of prejudice in action. For example a black man looking for a job at a school with higher qualifications than a white man applying for that same job. The black man may not get picked over the white man due to race although he has higher qualifications.

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Mark awarded. This is a good example of a council funding or organising a cultural festival, which is on the mark scheme.local councils create events that provides a platform for people to explore people culture, e.g Nottingham carnival.  local councils organise the building of mosques, churches, synagogues, allowing people to have their own religious areas.

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Integration is when two groups are ethnically mixed together, producing some sort of interaction.  Assimilation is when people naturally isolate themselves by association, e.g Jewish communities.

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Mark awarded. You have correctly identified one key difference: that legal rights are based in law while moral rights are based on social norms/values.> moral right is expected by the social norms
> legal right is protected by law. 
> breaking legal rights is illegal

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Mark awarded for identifying the courts as the body that enforces rights.courts Mark awarded for explaining what the courts do (punish/fine). punish those who break legal rights.  e.g criminal civil courts provide retribution for victims who's rights have been violated.

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Mark awarded. 'Representing them in work related cases' is a clear example of a Trade Union's role and matches the mark scheme.Trade union protect workers rights, including representing them in work related cases.

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Different areas have varied financial standard of living. e.g rent in London would cost more in cheap areas of London. Different salaries could equalise in cheap areas compared to others. living wage ensures your salary aligns with the financial standard in your area,  Mark awarded. This correctly explains that the wage is intended to ensure people can afford a basic standard of living.needed for you to afford basic living needs.

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Mark awarded. This is a good description of the right for a product to be 'as described'.> for the product to be what was promoted + get what you expected. Mark awarded. 'Faulty products that don't align with a basic check list of a good product' is a reasonable description of the right for a product to be of 'satisfactory quality'.
> warranty that allows you to return faulty products that don't align with a basic check list of a good product.

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Mark awarded. Religion is a valid factor in forming identity.An individual's religion  will influence an individual's moral compass.
 Mark awarded. Age is another valid factor in forming identity.Someones age range  will dictate someones emotional intelligence.

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citizenship lessons may promote community cohesion. Mark awarded. This is a good example of creating a 'diverse curriculum'.
history lessons may cover the history of the world

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Mark awarded. This clearly identifies the point that stereotypes are based on assumptions.Stereotypes create preconceived conceptions Mark awarded. This is an excellent explanation with a specific example showing how stereotypes lead to discrimination. that may influence the decisions made by people. e.g employers might refrain from hiring a certain race in order to avoid a certain stereotype.

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To protect workers rights

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This is a valid explanation, showing you understand the wage is meant to ensure a basic standard of living. (1 mark)They set a national living wage so that they can afford basic essentials

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This is a good way of describing the right for a product to be 'as described'. (1 mark)one right a consumer has when buying a product is to expect the product to identically look like a photograph

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This is a valid example of monitoring the country's demographics. (1 mark)One reason why the government carries out a census every ten years is to check basics such as peoples nationality

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This is a valid point, as it relates to filling labour shortages, which is a key economic benefit. (1 mark)They do jobs that people may not want

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It can sometimes lead to tension within a community because they may feel it's not fair

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This is a valid way to promote inclusive education, as it is an example of creating a diverse curriculum. (1 mark)one way a school could promote inclusive education is adding cultured learning to the ciriculum

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This is a valid point. Social isolation is a type of barrier in society. (1 mark)Stereotypes can create barriers in society as people can feel isolated

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Mark awarded. This is a valid example listed in the mark scheme.One way it is promoted is by building youth centres.  Another way is by using

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Integration is when you fit in / or so little in Assimilation

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Mark awarded. This is a valid description of the right to protest, which is on the mark scheme.They can go against laws passed by parliament

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Political rights are necessary as they help bring a community and jurisdiction to gether. Such as voting help involve the people political

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The government set a national living wage because

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Mark awarded. This clearly relates to the right for a product to be of 'satisfactory quality'.Right to ask for a refund if not satisfactory.  Right

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1 mark awarded for a basic point. You have identified a relevant reason (focus on work), but it is not explained.One reason is that larger citys people promote work and not bringing people together

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Act Law

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The role is to disbande the problem along with charging them

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Integration - trying to fit in with the of society

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Smaller areas have people closer together, meaning they're allowed to interact more and get acquainted. In large cities the freedom allowed to them becomes counterintuitive and they don't need to be together as much due to the luxuries afforded to them.

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Correct. This is the precise term required by the mark scheme.Multifaith

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Mark awarded (1/3). A stable economy is a valid reason, as it links to opportunities for work and employment.Stable economy 
Diverse community

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Name  Mark awarded (1/2). Gender is a valid factor that helps form a person's identity.Gender  and  Mark awarded (2/2). Religion is a correct answer from the mark scheme.religion

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Mark awarded (1/3). This is a valid point, identifying the impact of social exclusion.Outcasted by the society

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Mark awarded (1/2). This is a valid way to promote inclusive education, as it relates to having a diverse curriculum.Teach about different cultural backgrounds.

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Mark awarded (1/2). This is a clear definition of a stereotype and makes a valid point about making assumptions.A false presumption on a whole group of people  of this makes you be an automatic bias which is innate to them which you may not even be aware of.

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Point Identified: Correct — Magna Carta is the precise answer required.magna carta

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This correctly identifies that human rights are universal, which is the impact of them being inalienable. To gain more marks, you needed to explain the core meaning of 'inalienable' (that they cannot be taken away).they apply to everyone that is

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Point Identified: This correctly identifies the purpose of holding government to account. To gain more marks, you needed to explain *how* political rights (like voting) allow citizens to do this.to avoid governments exploiting their power.  for example the government writes a man

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Developed Explanation: This is a correct explanation of one way courts enforce rights. You have identified the power to punish.sentence people who breach rights  and those who's rights has been breached

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cut ribbons

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Point Identified: This correctly identifies the basic point that funding is limited. To develop this, explain *why* this is a problem (e.g., legal duties) and what the consequences are.they do not earn allot of money

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Point Identified: This is a valid source of funding, although 'Council Tax' would be a more precise answer.taxes  Volunteer
volunteering

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Point Identified & Explained: This correctly identifies a key economic disadvantage (1 mark) and gives a specific example of how it happens (1 mark).they may struggle to find a job  this is because jobs

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A moral right is something that should be done without being ask or told.  1 mark awarded. You have correctly identified that legal rights are set out and protected by the law, which is a key difference from moral rights.A legal right is something everyone has and is protected by law

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Taxes 
voting

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Services like hospitals are used everyday which could increase the use of money for example equipment, medication.

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Taxes could be raised to provide for them like hospitals or  1 mark awarded. You have identified a valid positive impact: migrants can fill skill shortages in public services like healthcare.migrants are better with training like a doctor.

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1 mark awarded for a valid point. The perception of competition for jobs is a recognised source of tension.A community could have less jobs as they are given to migrants who specialise in a certain area.  There is more attention with migrants

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1 mark awarded. Gender is a valid factor that helps form identity.Their gender 1 mark awarded. Age is another valid factor that helps form identity. and age

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This is a valid example of how a council might promote community cohesion, so 1 mark is awarded.- Creation of communication community groups

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This is a partial definition of integration, which is worthy of 1 mark.Integration is the mixing of different groups

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They can be breached, don't have to be

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a moral right is a right which isn't necessarily

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?!

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To make changes to their ward based on the publics views

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Point identified: You have correctly identified that migration can increase pressure on public services (1 mark).It can increase demand/pressure  put on them to increase

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Correct. This is a valid economic benefit, equivalent to 'filling skills shortages'.They fill in spots for jobs

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Correct. This is a valid factor (1 mark).Religion  and  Correct. This is another valid factor (1 mark).gender

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Point identified: This clearly explains how a barrier is created between groups (1 mark).As it may make different groups of people reluctant to mix Developed explanation: This explains the impact of this barrier on wider society (1 mark). and lack cohesion

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Workers rights

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freedom of speech

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Developed Explanation: This clearly explains how rights like voting and free speech enable accountability.political rights allow citizens to scrutinise the government and choose who they want to represent them Impact: This explains the wider impact of these rights, which is to prevent an oppressive state, similar to 'preventing dictatorship'. - these political rights allow remove fear of punishment and censorship in society -  Point Identified: You have clearly stated the core concept of accountability.government can be held accountable by scrutiny and protest.

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- right to a refund within 30 days
- right to a refund of the product if it is  Mark awarded. This correctly identifies the consumer right for a product to be 'as described'.different to what is advertised  within 30 days.

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- Ensures trading is fair and legal of products
- Sets the rules + regulations that traders/business/seller must follow otherwise  Mark awarded. This correctly identifies the enforcement/prosecution aspect of their role.legal action is taken

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Correct. This is a valid and specific example of restricting rights for reasons of public/national security.- detaining individuals at an airport who poses a threat to other members in the airport

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- A group of judges from a higher court judge the decision/action taken by a court against an individual/organisation and ensure it is a fair, legal and suitable decision based on the conditions of the case.

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minister

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Mark awarded. This correctly identifies the council's role in planning and housing.- Building new infrastructure such as homes/flats. 
- Listen to the concerns of local residents
- Use funding from government to aid the concerns of local residents e.g  Mark awarded. This correctly identifies the council's responsibility for parks and recreation.more green spaces

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- e.g sports/ Mark awarded. This is a clear example of celebrating cultural events to promote inclusion.culture day 
- sports events where every student regardless of background can participate.
-  Mark awarded. This is a good example of using the curriculum to promote inclusive values.PSHE lessons on equality and democracy.

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Point Identified: This correctly identifies that stereotyping is based on assumptions which lead to prejudice.- People will have microaggressions and prejudice against people solely on their characteristics e.g stereotypes Explanation/Impact: This clearly explains the negative impact or barrier created by this prejudice.
- This can lead to reduced opportunities in society for those who are victims of stereotypes

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1 mark awarded. This is a valid example of how a local council promotes community cohesion, matching the mark scheme's 'Funding cultural festivals'.- hosting festivals 
- promoting cultural learning in schools

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Integration is the acceptance and tolerance of migration of cultures to a city  whereas assimilation is the negligence and opposing of other cultures in a city

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1 mark awarded. This is the correct document.Magna Carta

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As Human rights are not commonly respected. For example if human rights are broken there is a long legal process to gain justice and punish them. However, this deters people for reporting human right violation as a waste of time/effort

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1 mark awarded. This is the correct Act of Parliament and year.Human rights act of 1998

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1 mark awarded. The Right to Marry is protected by the Act (Article 12).- The right for marriage 1 mark awarded. The Right to Education is protected by the Act (Protocol 1, Article 2).
- The right to an education 
- The right to drive a car

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1 mark awarded for the Point. 'Scrutinise the government' is a valid way of describing how political rights enable accountability.Political rights are necessary to hold government to account as they are allowed to scrutinise the government 1 mark awarded for the Explanation. Using the e-petition system is a good, specific example of how citizens can hold the government to account. and propose laws. For example, if you gain 100,000 signatures on a certain action it is required by law to be debated in parliament.  These actions hold government to account as new laws passed may overrule previous laws made by a statute law / by a majority in parliament.

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1 mark awarded. This is the correct title.councillor

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- to improve environmental conditions of council 1 mark awarded. Providing public toilets is a specific responsibility of a local council.
- to provide local needs such as public services public toilets 1 mark awarded. Providing libraries is another specific responsibility. and libraries 
- to listen to the needs of the public through coming to meetings where public question you.

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1 mark awarded. This is the correct Act and year.Equality act of 2010

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This is a valid example, as councils often fund or organise local community events to bring people together. (1 mark)they can go to events that are doing local events like a picnic , go to religious places like a synagogue, mosque

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Integration is already a strong connection in an area and assimilation is a connection in some part of an area

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They can scrutinise the government

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The voting for there own councillor for different sectors and the money coming from the public for it what pays for it.  Point: You have correctly identified that the right to vote is a key political right used to hold government to account. (1 mark)citizens have the right to vote for government parties to who they believe is best to lead the country

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This is a correct, if general, role of a Trade Union. (1 mark)working
To protect the rights of an employee

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Point: This identifies the principle of preventing exploitation, which is a valid reason for the NLW. (1 mark)So people dont get taken advantage of for the work they do Explanation: This correctly explains that the wage is intended to provide a basic standard of living. (1 mark), so people have enough money they can live off with , to top standard

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Community (cohesion)

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Point: You have correctly identified that tolerance helps to prevent conflict. (1 mark)Without tolerance it can lead to various conflict and wars  for example the man trying to run is a Budhist with good morals and the city is christian with terrible ideas it'd be obvious to go to the Budhist how there are many different kind of religions mean

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This is a correct factor that helps form identity. (1 mark)Religion This is another correct and distinct factor that helps form identity. (1 mark)
Age

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This is a good example which shows understanding of belonging to more than one group. (1 mark)you can be from multiple different countries  or have a different sexuality other than what your placed as

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Mark awarded (1/2). This is a valid example, similar to 'funding cultural festivals' on the mark scheme.- Local events such as festivals or barbeques Mark awarded (2/2). This is another valid example of providing a shared community space, which promotes cohesion.
- Building more parks which allows more people to spend time together

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- Assimilation is the process where people who are diverse move into communities and they are accepted by the society whereas integration is where people are tolerated but not always accepted.

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Mark awarded (1/1). This is the correct document.- Magna Carta

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Mark awarded (1/3). You have correctly defined the term 'inalienable'.- Inalienable is described as something that cannot be given back or taken away. 
- Human rights were declared in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights where all people were given access to their human rights
- One aspect of universal right is that they cannot be taken away unless the person is a threat to society.

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Mark awarded (1/1). This is a clear and correct distinction. A refugee has been granted legal status, while an asylum seeker is still in the application process.- Refugee is someone who has been given asylum to stay in a different country whereas asylum seekers have not.

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Mark awarded (1/3). This is a valid reason (Work/Employment).- Pull factors such as economic advantages (more wage, jobs) Mark awarded (2/3). This is a valid reason (Safety/Fleeing War).
- Push/Pull factors such as a natural disaster or ongoing conflict Mark awarded (3/3). This is a valid reason (Family reunion).
- Marriage, if their partner has moved to the UK, they can be allowed to migrate to the UK with them.

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Mark awarded (1/1). 'Increases employment workforce' is a valid economic benefit, linked to filling labour shortages.- More market for labourers for jobs -> increases employment workforce, generates more money

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- Migration can often bring in people from diverse cultures with different physical characteristics
- They are often tolerated, not assimilated into a community
-  Mark awarded (1/3). You have identified a valid point - prejudice as a cause of tension.This is because some people may be discriminatory or have a prejudice against the migrants Marks awarded (2/3 and 3/3). This is a well-developed explanation of the impact, linking prejudice to a decrease in community cohesion and subsequent tension.
- This overall decreases community cohesion which makes them more likely to oppose each other, creating tension.

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Mark awarded (1/1). This is a correct protected characteristic under the Equality Act 2010.- Religion

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Mark awarded (1/3). You have identified a valid point - discrimination in the workplace.- Discrimination can often come from co-workers or bosses at the workplace 
- This may be brought up to a trade union, however the victim may not have access to these rights or they do not know of them
- This discrimination may lead to constant prejudice in the workplace which ultimately means that  Mark awarded (2/3). This is a clear explanation of how workplace discrimination can manifest.the victim will be likely to not have a promotion Mark awarded (3/3). This is a clear impact on the victim's life chances and career progression. which reduces their chances of getting a job they actually want.

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Point identified: You have correctly identified that political rights are about holding the government to account.To keep the government accountable Explanation: You have linked accountability to the right to vote in elections, which is a valid explanation, although the phrasing is unclear. for voting for keep election in place and voting

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Sometimes the law maybe fixed but the crime commited was commited due to action that occur in peoples lives.

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- make sure residents are safe in the area 
- fund financially

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Because they find it hard to evenly distribute funds to areas in need in the community as well as  Point identified: You have correctly identified that inflation increases council costs, which can make it difficult to balance the budget.inflation

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Point identified: You have correctly identified that migration can increase demand for public services.They will be high in demand Explanation/Impact: This is a valid explanation of the impact of increased demand on services. and they will be crowded

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Point identified: You have correctly identified competition for jobs as a potential source of tension. (1 mark)Jobs will be up for grabs Point identified: You have correctly identified competition for housing as a second potential source of tension. (1 mark) and there are will be competition in housing

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Correct: Place of birth (nationality) and gender are both valid factors that contribute to a person's identity. (1 mark)- Place of birth / gender Correct: Religion is a key factor in shaping a person's identity and values. (1 mark)
- religion and beliefs

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1 mark awarded for identifying the key point of accountability. However, this is taken from the question and is not developed further.To keep government accountable

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1 mark. This is a clear and correct point of difference between the two types of rights.moral right' is right's that are not protected by the laws. legal rights' are protected.  moral right's are rights that people are expected to do

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- make sure people are safe - funding

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1 mark. This identifies the point that a rising population can cause strain, which is a valid impact on services.It could be overly-populated for everyone.

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1 mark. This is a valid point explaining how competition for resources can cause tension.Not enough jobs would be avail-able for everyone. 1 mark. This is a second, distinct point about how cultural differences or prejudice can cause tension.People may have different beliefs and may treat them unfairly

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1 mark. This is a correct factor that helps form a person's identity.- Gender 1 mark. This is a correct factor that helps form a person's identity.- Religion

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Correct answer.Magna Carta

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This explains the universal nature of human rights, which is a valid development point (Impact).Human rights are something that everyone is born with This is the core definition of 'inalienable' (Explanation). an cannot be taken away  they are protected by law. For example, the right to a life. This protects individuals from punishments such as death penalty.

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Correct. This is a clear example of the right to stand for election.represent yourself as a candidate for MP.

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This is a valid point, corresponding to the right for a product to be of 'satisfactory quality'.- product must meet a high quality This correctly identifies the consumer right for a product to be 'fit for purpose'.- Product must be able to carry out its purpose

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Protects poorer contries from being exploited and gives them fair trade, from
- Sets EU parents countries with higher GPA to develop faster then porer.

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The Mayor

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Point identified: You have correctly stated that limited funding from central government is a key reason for budget struggles.One reason why local councils may struggle with their budget is due to the budget set by parliment. It may not be enough for what the council needs. Explanation: This example illustrates the problem of a funding shortfall, which is a valid development of your first point. For example, parliment may set a budget of only £20,000, but the council needs £30,000. This leads to struggle.

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- tax INCOME tax - tarrifs

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- Higher tax fromed - Higher tax for state departments
- Private - They make more money so tax increases.

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Correct point identified: This clearly relates to the 'Work/Employment' point in the mark scheme.- Better economic opportunity, for example England has a higer wage then other countries.  Lack of jobs, for examples if a country dont have enough jobs, people will seek job opportunities in UK. Correct point identified: This matches the 'Safety/Fleeing War' point in the mark scheme. For better security, people may feel endangered or threatened in their country, and will come to the UK for saftey

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by Posters, news papers

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What poltical rights the governmen are sometimes unlawful and Judgmental

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This correctly identifies that moral rights are based on a shared sense of what is right and wrong, not the law. (1 mark)Moral right is Morally doing the right thing This correctly identifies that legal rights are based on laws and are enforceable. The contrast between the two points makes the difference clear. (1 mark) as Legal right laws that you have to follow

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- Money Correct. Local councils often run or fund community events. (1 mark)
- Events 
- Makes sure everything is right

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This identifies a valid reason for increased council spending, which contributes to budget pressures. (1 mark)Local councils often struggle to balance their budget because of increase of transport

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This is a valid point that identifies the general issue of increased demand on an area. (1 mark)Overcrowding of the community.

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This is a good point that identifies a lack of integration or segregation as a source of tension. (1 mark)Loads of people are newly migrating to the community and they might not mix with others This identifies the negative impact that a lack of mixing can have on the community. (1 mark) that could distrupt the community.

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Correct, a person's individual personality is a key part of their identity. (1 mark)Personality This is an acceptable answer as it relates to lifestyle choices, hobbies, and fashion, which all contribute to identity. (1 mark), How you persent yourself as an individual

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by Posters, Newspaper and posts online

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Without Political rights the government

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moral right is morally doing the right thing as  1 mark awarded. You have correctly identified that legal rights are based on laws.legal right is laws that you have to follow  to do the right thing

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to

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because they spend it on unessasary things

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leaves more jobs/employment and house

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Point identified (1 mark): A perceived competition for jobs is a valid reason for tension.with the loss of jobs for the people of the country Developed point (1 mark): You have linked the cause to a potential impact (social unrest), showing a consequence, although it is expressed in extreme terms. their will be riots because there is no more jobs left.

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1 mark awarded. Correct answer.religion ,  1 mark awarded. Correct answer.Culture

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1 mark awarded. This is a valid example, similar to 'funding cultural festivals' on the mark scheme.- events/festivals are held in gathering spaces 
- people of minority backgrounds are included in local government

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political rights are the right someone has to meaningfully participate in a democracy. They are needed because it  1 mark awarded for a valid point. This identifies the core function of accountability.allows people to scrutinise the government and point out its weaknesses , a sign of a healthy democracy.

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1 mark awarded. This correctly identifies that legal rights are formal/codified while moral rights are not.- a moral right is an informal expectation of somebody while legal rights are official and codified 1 mark awarded. This correctly identifies that legal rights are enforceable in court while moral rights are not.
- a legal right leads to prosecution if broken unlike moral rights

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1 mark awarded. This is a correct and specific responsibility.- managing waste collection services 1 mark awarded. This refers to Council Tax, which is a key responsibility.
- collecting taxes locally 
- spending money they have to improve their area
- administration, ruling on behalf of government

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1 mark awarded for a basic point identifying high costs as a reason for the struggle.They may struggle to balance budgets because they have much expenditures to cover  (employee wages, benefits, etc.)

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1 mark awarded for identifying the point about increased demand and strain. To get the second mark, a specific example is needed.mass migration can increase demand for public services by a lot, increasing strain

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1 mark awarded for identifying a valid cause of tension (exclusion).The local people of the community may view them as outsiders, they will be excluded from the community 1 mark awarded for explaining the impact of this exclusion, which is equivalent to segregation or 'parallel communities'. and this can lead to separation and division.

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1 mark awarded. This is a valid factor.Nationality 1 mark awarded. This is a valid and distinct factor.
Gender Identity

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This is a valid description of providing legal representation, which is a key role of a trade union. Mark awarded.To ensure workers recieve access to justice by protecting workers rights  and by by improving worker conditions.

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Point: This correctly identifies the goal of reducing poverty and ensuring a basic standard of living. Mark awarded.To ensure people recieve a minimum amount of money in order to keep them maintain a life away from the streets. Explanation: This develops the point by explaining what a 'basic standard of living' means in practice. Mark awarded. The National Living wage also provides people with a fair wage for their labours in order to ensure people are able to purchase necessary things such as food.

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This is a valid consumer right for faulty goods under the Consumer Rights Act 2015. Mark awarded.The right to return the product before 30 days after purchase. This is a second, distinct right which also correctly identifies the key term 'fit for purpose'. Mark awarded. The right to request a partial refund after 30 days of purchase if the product is not fit for purpose

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An official body that enforces consumer based laws such as the right to recieve access to justice.

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The council.

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This is a valid responsibility (street cleaning/refuse collection). Mark awarded.Helping the streets clean This is a valid responsibility (maintaining parks/leisure facilities). Mark awarded.
Providing playgrounds for children This is a valid responsibility (social housing). Mark awarded.
Local housing for citizens.

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To take ideas from the local people and present them to the Prime minister or act on them by themselves.

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Local Councils do not have someone in power who manages their wages. This means they may find it hard to decide what amount of money to spend on what services. Therefore this makes it hard to balance out wages between specific needs.

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One source of funding is local fundraisers. This is a correct source of funding. Mark awarded. Another source could be council taxes